CVE-2025-40078

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Explicitly check accesses to bpf_sock_addr

Syzkaller found a kernel warning on the following sock_addr program:

0: r0 = 0
1: r2 = *(u32 *)(r1 +60)
2: exit

which triggers:

verifier bug: error during ctx access conversion (0)

This is happening because offset 60 in bpf_sock_addr corresponds to an
implicit padding of 4 bytes, right after msg_src_ip4. Access to this
padding isn't rejected in sock_addr_is_valid_access and it thus later
fails to convert the access.

This patch fixes it by explicitly checking the various fields of
bpf_sock_addr in sock_addr_is_valid_access.

I checked the other ctx structures and is_valid_access functions and
didn't find any other similar cases. Other cases of (properly handled)
padding are covered in new tests in a subsequent patch.